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Research and new methods

What computer analysis does

Modern laboratories produce huge amounts of data: measurements of thousands of cells, genetic sequences and images. Computer programs sort and measure these data and show where the doctor should look more closely.

Last updated: ~1 min read
Long rows of computer servers in a data centre
Figure 1.Servers in a data centre

01Short answer

Examples include dividing millions of cells into groups in flow cytometry, finding changes in genetic sequencing, counting a blood smear automatically and calculating risk groups. Programs are fast and consistent, but only as good as the rules and data they are given. A specialist always checks the result and weighs it with the patient's whole situation.

02Simple explanation

Large data.

Sorting and measuring.

A specialist checks.

The doctor decides.

03Scientific explanation

NCI: bioinformatics is the use of computers to collect and analyse biological data.

NCI: new treatments are tested step by step, from the laboratory to clinical trials; only those proven safe and beneficial become standard care.

04What happens in the body?

Where it is used

In the laboratory, genetics, image analysis and research.

Sorting
Figure 2.Sorting — What computer analysis does

Limits

Wrong data give wrong results; checking is essential.

The doctor and the data
Figure 3.The doctor and the data.

How to read the news

Research news brings hope, but not every advance suits everyone. Look at who it was tested in, at what phase and in how many people.

Talk to your doctor

Show your doctor what you have read; they will explain how it relates to your diagnosis and treatment. Do not change your treatment on your own.

05From research news to a conversation: four steps

Read, check, ask, decide together.

Read — From a trusted source.1ReadFrom a trusted source.
Check — Phase, participants, result.2CheckPhase, participants, result.
Ask — Show your doctor.3AskShow your doctor.
Decide — Together, without rushing.4DecideTogether, without rushing.
SourceA trusted site.
DoctorA personal explanation.
SafetyNot changing treatment yourself.

06Key points at a glance

TopicIn brief
Where it is usedIn the laboratory, genetics, image analysis and research.
LimitsWrong data give wrong results; checking is essential.
How to read the newsResearch news brings hope, but not every advance suits everyone. Look at who it was tested in, at what phase and in how many people.
Talk to your doctorShow your doctor what you have read; they will explain how it relates to your diagnosis and treatment. Do not change your treatment on your own.

07Key terms

Bioinformatics
Computer analysis of biological data.
Algorithm
A step-by-step calculation rule.
Clinical trial
Testing a new treatment with volunteers.
Evidence
A result confirmed by reliable research.

08Key points

  • Learn.
  • Ask your doctor.
  • Write it down.
  • Check the source.
  • Talk to your doctor.

09Frequently asked questions

Does a computer make the diagnosis?

No, the doctor makes the diagnosis.

Can the result be wrong?

Yes, which is why it is checked.

Is this advance right for me?

Only your treating doctor can say, based on your diagnosis, stage and condition.

10Questions for your doctor

Take these questions to your appointment. The ones you save are collected on the “My questions” page and stay on this device only.

  1. Does a computer make the diagnosis?

  2. Can the result be wrong?

  3. Is this advance right for me?

My questions

12Sources

  1. National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: bioinformatics
  2. National Cancer Institute. Biomarker Testing for Cancer Treatment
  3. National Cancer Institute. Precision Medicine in Cancer Treatment
  4. National Cancer Institute. What Are Clinical Trials?
  5. National Cancer Institute. Phases of Clinical Trials
  6. National Cancer Institute. Using Trusted Resources
  7. National Cancer Institute (NCI). NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: graft-versus-host disease
  8. National Cancer Institute. Immunotherapy Side Effects
  9. National Cancer Institute (NCI). Monoclonal Antibodies
  10. National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Medical disclaimerThis information is for educational purposes only and does not replace medical advice.
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