Nutrition and daily life

Home hygiene: a safe, comfortable home

During treatment much of your time is spent at home. The home does not need to be sterile, but a few simple habits greatly lower infection risk. This section covers the home, pets, plants and building work.

Last updated: ~1 min read
A bright room with an open window.
Figure 1.Fresh air — Home hygiene: a safe, comfortable home

01Short answer

Clean regularly with damp methods and air the rooms. Prevent mould in the bathroom and kitchen. Change towels and bedding often, and do not share towels or toothbrushes. Let someone else handle cat litter, bird cages, aquariums and pet waste. During treatment avoid soil, gardening, compost and dusty building work; if work is going on, stay in another room. Family members who are unwell should wash their hands often and keep their distance where possible.

02Simple explanation

Damp cleaning and fresh air.

No mould.

Pet waste: someone else.

No soil or building dust.

03Scientific explanation

Moulds (Aspergillus) live in soil, compost and building dust; in people with very weak immunity they can cause serious lung infection.

WHO: foodborne illness is more severe in people with weakened immunity; the five keys are keep clean, separate, cook thoroughly, keep food at safe temperatures, and use safe water and raw materials.

04What happens in the body?

Pets

Keeping a pet is usually fine; it should be vaccinated and healthy, and avoid scratches and bites.

A litter box and gloves in a corner.
Figure 2.Cat litter — Home hygiene: a safe, comfortable home

Laundry

Ordinary washing is enough; towels can be washed hot.

A potted plant on a windowsill.
Figure 3.Soil aside — Home hygiene: a safe, comfortable home

Neutropenia

When neutrophils are low, even ordinary germs can cause serious infection, which is why the rules are stricter.

General rules

This section is part of the general food-safety rules in “Handwashing: the simplest protection” and “Eggs and dairy: safe choices” and “Food safety: four simple rules”.

05Safety: four steps

Check, swap the risky, prepare properly, use in time.

Check — Date and condition.1CheckDate and condition.
Swap — A safe choice.2SwapA safe choice.
Prepare — Clean and thorough.3PrepareClean and thorough.
In time — No delay.4In timeNo delay.
CleanHands and surfaces.
CookGerms die.
ColdGrowth slows.

06Key points at a glance

TopicIn brief
PetsKeeping a pet is usually fine; it should be vaccinated and healthy, and avoid scratches and bites.
LaundryOrdinary washing is enough; towels can be washed hot.
NeutropeniaWhen neutrophils are low, even ordinary germs can cause serious infection, which is why the rules are stricter.
General rulesThis section is part of the general food-safety rules in “Handwashing: the simplest protection” and “Eggs and dairy: safe choices” and “Food safety: four simple rules”.

07Key terms

Aspergillus
A mould found in soil and dust.
Toxoplasma
A parasite that can spread through cat faeces.
Foodborne infection
An infection spread through food or water.
Neutropenia
Low neutrophils.

08Key points

  • Damp cleaning.
  • Do not touch pet waste.
  • Avoid soil and dust.
  • When in doubt, throw it out.
  • Call if you have a fever.

09Frequently asked questions

Do I need special disinfection at home?

Ordinary cleaning is usually enough.

Can I vacuum myself?

Vacuuming raises dust; if possible let someone else do it while you are in another room.

Are these rules for ever?

No. They are usually relaxed as blood counts recover; your team will say.

10Questions for your doctor

Take these questions to your appointment. The ones you save are collected on the “My questions” page and stay on this device only.

  1. Do I need special disinfection at home?

  2. Can I vacuum myself?

  3. Are these rules for ever?

My questions

12Sources

  1. World Health Organization. Five Keys to Safer Food manual
  2. World Health Organization. Food safety fact sheet
  3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Safe Food Handling
  4. National Cancer Institute. Eating Hints: Before, During, and After Cancer Treatment
  5. Food Standards Agency (UK). Chilling
  6. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 2019. Neutropenic diets to prevent cancer infections: updated systematic review and meta-analysis
  7. JCO Oncology Practice, 2026. Neutropenic Diet Versus Liberalized Diet in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  8. National Cancer Institute (NCI). Nausea and Vomiting Related to Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – Patient Version
  9. American Cancer Society. Nausea and Vomiting
  10. American Cancer Society. Poor Appetite
Medical disclaimerThis information is for educational purposes only and does not replace medical advice.
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